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Full Project – Construction of a digital display system

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CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Digital display system as used in this reports refers to a sign that uses electronic hardware and software to display its copy, messages or images. Also, a sign utilizing a fixed light source to provide a message in text, images pictures, and or symbols that may appear to move or may appear as on/off messages. This is contrast to traditional non-electronic signs where the copy displayed is physically applied to the sign surface by printing, painting or otherwise attaching it onto the sign. The materials or substrate to which the copy is applied is typically paper, wood, plastic or the wall of a building.

In this modern time, solid materials have helped man to show that he really exists by doing wonders in the world of electronics. One major development, made possible by the enormous advances in solid state technology, is the “digital revolution”. Circuits are designed to implement the basic digital logic functions fundamental to all digital systems. Digital electronics therefore comprises the design, manufacture and use of circuits for processing information in digital form (Simpson, 1978).

An information display is a way of providing information and it is also used as an object for promotion. It can be seen in a form of cardboard or tarpaulin at stores / shops, sign posts, placards, notice boards and electronic display boards. But the advent of new technologies has made the information in the form of an electronic display in the world of advertisements and promotions (Gupta, Shukla and Nagwekar, 2013). The ability to display a short message can be useful application to be available for any business. Electronic digital display system is perfect for this application. It can be used for both indoor and outdoor which makes it universal fit for any business or event. Electronic digital display system is very efficient and cost effective way to spread messages to thousands of people, without any personal contact or door to door sales. Light-Emitting Diode (LED) is a solid state light source with several attractive properties for display application. LED is a diode that gives off visible light when forward biased (Mehta and Mehta, 2014). It is chosen as the main component for displaying messages because, today LED is the most energy efficiency example and other useful systems.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Due to limitation of the sign board or local sign board which could not display clearly at night expect light shines on it, it is then necessary that digial display system is employed to counter the limits of the local sign board. The information displayed on the local sign board is less attractive compared to the information displayed using electronic digital display system. Thus, researchers are prompted to tirelessly hold up to these challenges by initiating some means of improving the above among which is the design and construction of an electronic digital display system.

1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

The main objective of this study is to construct a digital display system. Specifically this study will achieve the following:

To help organizations display necessary information to the public, such as means of advertisement, means of communication, presentations, exhibitions, identification and direction
To have more knowledge on what digital display system is all about.
To know the benefits of electronic digital display system.
To design and realize the moving message display panel.

1.4 CONTRIBUTION TO KNOWLEDGE

The introducing concept of wireless technology using Bluetooth module in the field of communication, we can make our communication more efficient and faster, with higher efficiency.

1.5 LIMITATION / SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This project covers the use of peripheral solid state electronic components alongside with two major integrated circuits (ICs) namely Max 7219 and Arduino, counter to solve above stated problems. It will be programmed to allow more than 80 characters to be displayed in an autopilot scrolling manner with the support of smartphone using Bluetooth.

1.6 METHODOLOGY

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERM

(a) LED driver (max7219):The MAX7219 LED driver saves you processor pins and processing time! Below, you can find out exactly why this is true and how you can use these devices on an Arduino.

(b) Arduino uno board: The Arduino Uno board is a microcontroller based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins in which 6 can be used as PWM outputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, an ICSP header, a USB connection, 6 analog inputs, a power jack and a reset button.

(c) Light emitting diode {led}: A Light Emitting Diode {LED} is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence. The color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photons) is determined by the energy required for electrons to cross the band gap of the semiconductor. White light is obtained by using multiple semiconductors or a layer of light-emitting phosphor on the semiconductor device

(d) 2N2222 Transistor: The 2N2222 is a general purpose bipolar junction NPN transistor. It is commonly used for low power amplifying or switching. This transistor is actually designed for low as well as medium voltage and current values

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