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Full Project – Construction of a 5kva hybrid inverter

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

In the world today, availability of steady energy supply has become necessary considering evolving technologies with massive energy demands. Dependence on non-renewable energy sources for power supply is inefficient as the epileptic power supply is greatly inadequate in meeting the power requirement as at when needed especially here in Nigeria being faced with numerous power challenges.

From this background therefore, this project is aimed at designing, simulating, implementing and evaluating a 5KVA online AC solar power system. In this project work, solar energy is being trapped from the sun via a photovoltaic panel consisting of several solar cells built into modules. These cells convert solar energy directly to electrical energy via the use of photoelectric effect. Solar energy is not available at nigh hence energy storage is important. Solar panels can generate electricity without any waste pollution. Solar panels have no moving parts as such they are very reliable and have little or no maintenance concerns. Solar panels are relatively easy to install and maintain.

Statement of the Problem

This project is considered pertinent at this time when electricity supply by PHCN is completely unreliable and inconsistent in Nigeria. As a way of tackling deficiencies of non-renewable sources of energy in facilitating energy supply many nations of the world have deviated from the statuesque of alternative energy sources most of which are renewable. The alternative of using a generating set side with PHCN power supply will culminate in huge financial burden considering the high cost of fuel and generator maintenance. In a bid to proffer solution to this problem, this project is solar energy dependent which is green and renewable with minimal running cost making it a better alternative in meeting the power demands.

Aims and Objectives

The aim of this project is to design and construct 5KVA online AC solar power system that will be used as an alternative source of electricity supply.

The following objectives would be fulfilled on completion:

To construct and implement the sun trackling unit that will be responsible for receiving the solar energy from the sun with respect to the position of the sun during the daily rotation of the earth.
To design and construct of a 5KVA online AC solar power system.
To design the charging unit which converts the direct current obtained from the solar panel to the alternating current required for powering devices.
To design and implement a regulating system that will properly control the output power to these devices in a bid to ensuring their safety.

Significance of the Study

Over the years, availability of sufficient power supply has seemed impossible and thus the benefits of these devices have been underutilized due to power limitations.

However, this project seeks to demonstrate the possibility of diversion from the conventional sources of power to renewable source.

Limitation of the Study

This project work is focused on generating only 5KVA power. Some of the likely challenges encountered in the process of achieving this enormous goal are:

High Upfront Cost: This is due to high cost of the materials used to build the solar energy. Equipment such as solar panels, batteries etc. still remain a costly alternative to the use fossil fuel technologies.

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