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Full Project – Design and construction of a 10Kva automatic voltage regulator

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CHAPTER ONE

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

An inverter is an electronics device or circuitry that changes direct current (D.C) to Alternating current [AC]. The device makes use of an inbuilt automatic circuit to achieve a complete automation of the entire system. The input voltage, output voltage, frequency and overall power handling depend on the design of a specific device or circuitry. An inverter is a very important element that cannot be neglected in this Country as it is deeply fastened into the fabric of the society for the obvious reason of inadequate power supply. It is an important element in homes to power household devices like electric bulbs, electric cooker, refrigerator, television set etc.

It also finds applications in various places work/offices to power devices like air conditioners, computers etc. In spite of constant repair and efforts put forward by the stake holders in electricity industry to ensure stable power supply, yet the power generation and distribution across the country is very bad, low and it is very far from being enough. However, power failure has resulted in people buying generators for their daily activities. Businesses are not functioning due to failure of power supply.

These are the reason that make necessary for the designing and construction of inverter and other standby systems that can deliver maximum output power to the load.

Statistics have shown that the number of businesses that have been closed down simply because of power failure, cannot be over emphasized; so mankind need inverter seriously in other to restore technology development, business and medical services. However, the background of the study lies within the reason why the construction of inverter should be forwarded the factor that increases the quality of inverter marketability. Finally, the success of this study will be beneficial to the society. Mass production of inverters will lead to improved standard of living of the people and the nation will move forward in its pursuit of technological development.

1.2 Problem Statement

Faced with the problem of steady power supply from supply authorities, coupled with noise pollution, air pollution and cost of running the popular alternative, generator sets, there is need for a noiseless, pollution free and cheap solution to power problem. This project is to provide a back-up power supply so that whenever the supply from the supply authorities is interrupted, the input is changed to D.C sources to charge a 12V battery and change back to AC source with a reliable power supply of 2.4kVA output to power a standard house/offices.

1.3 Aim and Objective

The aim of this project is to construct a 2.4KVA, 220V inverter to power standard offices/house.

The Objective are:

To design and construct an inverter that will be able to power essential loads in a house
To provide a source of electricity power with low maintenance cost and zero fuel cost.

To incorporate an alarm circuit that beeps when the load on the inverter is beyond the inverter capacity

1.4 Scope of the Project

The scope of this project is to design and construct a 2.4kVA modified sine wave inverter which can be powered from the source of 12V battery to produce an AC for single phase domestic loads.

1.5 Limitation of the Project

The major limitation of this project is that it cannot operate equipment or an electronic device that is above its rated current.

Also the use of bulky transformer instead of copper transformer which is lighter and smaller in size but more expensive is another limitation.

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