Full Project – Design and implementation of automated voting system

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CHAPTER ONE

1.0 GEENRAL INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Election is the pillar and crucial element of Democracy all over the world and voting is one of the electoral processes that ensure its continuity in any civil society. Voting systems must be transparent and comprehensible enough that voters and candidates can readily accept the results (Kohno et al., 2004).

This project work is to computerize electoral processes with special attention to registration of voters, voting and the computation of results. Therefore, it will assist in drawing a quick, precise and logical conclusion from the fact available about a particular problem on ground. This involve voters casting their votes to their choice candidates, eligible voters will get their Name, Sex, Age and Identification numbers registered.

In this chapter one, I tried to analyze the problems associated with the old system and design a new system which is going to be implemented at the end of this research work.

While in chapter four, am going to summarize the research, thoroughly and conclude based on the outcome and finally suggest some recommendations.

• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Automated voting system should be thoroughly scrutinized and systematically verified to suit the purpose before being developed, but there is a serious lack of provision for verification and maintenance in the existing standard and recommendation for automated voting.

Changes to the requirement or to the system usually result in the previously established fitness for the purpose being compromised. The change must therefore be managed and standard documentation must make provision for their maintenance.

In addition to this, stealing of ballot papers, stashing of ballot boxes, missing of candidates photographs and also missing of serial numbers which exist during electoral processes. Implementation of  an automated voting system can solve most of these problems being encountered in the electoral processes, because the whole exercise is going to be computerized, hence the Excos should be responsible for the provision required to reduce the stress and also avoid the problem or put a stop to the problem of the electoral processes.

• RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. Does implementation of Automated Voting System has any impact in the maintenance of Electoral processes?
2. Can the Designing and implementation of the system help in solving the problem of missing voters serial number in an electoral process?

• Does Design and Implementation of Automated Voting system help in the missing of candidates photograph in electoral processes?

1. Can Design and Implementation of Automated voting System help to avoid the missing of ballot paper in an election?
2. Can Implementation of Automated Voting System help in the verification of electoral process?
   • AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

This research aimed at implementing an Automated voting system. The research also set the following objectives:

1. Reduce the costs of paper involved in the entire electoral processes (e.g. Ballot papers)
2. Restricting the electorates to vote only once

• Only students who register with the department are eligible to vote

1. It will improve the performance of electoral processes, i.e. speed up the processing or result collations and announcement of results.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The conduct of a transparent, free and fair election is central to the credibility of the electoral processes and the level of the acceptability of the outcome by the candidate and the public. In most cases, the winners of an election are usually satisfied with the outcome of the results but it is often more challenging to persuade the losers (and their teaming supporters) to capitulate and accept defeat.

To this end, it is not sufficient that election result being accurate can only be achieved if the conduct of the election is sufficiently transparent. The candidate, the press and the general public can testify that an error or malpractices have occurred.

The Nigeria case is even more complex. It is complex in the sense that with every election, the level of malpractices, manipulations and irregularities get more and more sophisticated. Not only that, the challenges of  seventy (70) million voters, training of registration officers, ensuring the honesty of those officers and auditing registration to ensure that potential voters are not eliminated are daunting. More daunting is the risk of conducting election in an environment characterized by desperate politicians that sees power and its acquisition as a prized possession that must be sought for and acquired by all means.

• SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The scope of this project work is to design an automated voting system for the Department of Computer science Abdu Gusau Polytechnic Talata-Mafara Zamfara State. It is restricted to studying of the existing manual voting system and design a new automated (computer based) system for the use of the aforementioned department.

• DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
• BALLOT BOX: A transparent plastic container in which voters cast their ballot papers after voting.
• BALLOT PAPER: This is an instruction sheet, in which a voter makes his/her choice in an election.
• AUTOMATED VOTING SYSTEM: This is the process by which voters cast their votes to their choice candidates, using a computer based system.
• FREE AND FAIR ELECTION: For election to be free and fair during and after the election there should be no problems like; snatching/stealing of ballot papers and stealing of ballot boxes. In order to ensure a free and fair election, there should be equal opportunities for both political parties, equal opportunities for all qualified candidates seeking public office, up to the registration of voters by providing adequate security for voting materials together with all human involved.
• VOTE: Expressing one’s opinion by thumbing a paper or holding up the hand or queuing behind the candidate (option A4)
• VOTER’S CARD: A card given to each eligible voter after registration, which shows that a person has been duly registered and has the right to vote.

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Full Project – Design and implementation of automated voting system