Full Project – National youth service corps scheme as an instrument of national development and nation building in Nigeria

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CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

Every society of the world be it social, political, economic, industrial and etc. calls for innovation and or renovation. As such, the National youth service scheme was conceived at a time when Nigeria more than ever needed a systematic involvement of all particularly the youths with their abundant energies and skills in the task of National building and acquisition of national consciousness. The vent that brought about the thirty-six month of civil war (1967-1970) and the after effects heightened the need for a deliberate programme to:

1. Provide inter-ethnic understanding, integration and national unity.
2. Maximize the country’s human resources, utilization and accelerated reconstruction and development.

1.1  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The national Youth Service Corps (NYSC) is an organization established by the government of Nigeria in the year 1973 during General Gowon’s administration. There is no military conscription in Nigeria but, since 1973 graduates of universities and later polytechnics have been required to take part in the National Youth Service Corps programme for one year. This is known as national service year to involve the country’s graduates in the development of the country.

The National Youth service corps scheme was created in a bid to reconstruct, reconcile and rebuild antecedents in our national history gave impetus to the establishment of the National Youth service corps by decree No 24 of 22^nd May 1973 which stated that National Youth service corps is being established with a view to the proper encouragement and development of common ties among the youths of Nigeria and the promotion of National Unity.

Hence, the federal military government under Gowon’s administration draws up the National Youth service corps scheme (NYSC) as the most appropriate programme to put the above mentioned consideration into action.

As good order in the foundation of all good things, the National Youth service corps scheme widely acclaimed as one of the best legacies of General Gowon’s administration, since inception, has continued to justify its purpose and existence. One can therefore simply stated that the National Youth service corps scheme was designed to make Nigeria one.

“Corps” members are posted to states far away from their own state of origin. They are expected to mix with people of other tribes, social and family background, to learn their cultures of the indigenes in the place they are posted to. This action is aimed to being about unity in the country and to help youths appreciate other ethnic groups.

There is an “orientation” period of approximately three weeks spent in a camp away from family and friends. There is also a “passing out ceremony” at the end of the year and primary assignment followed by one month of vacation.

The programme has also helped in creating entry level jobs for lot of Nigerian youths. A National Youth service forum dedicated to the National Youth service corps members was recently built to bridge the gap amongst members serving across Nigeria and also an avenue for croppers to share job information and career resources as well as getting loans from the National Directorate of employment.

The scheme has like any other human organization suffered some set-backs due to a number of constraints in its efforts to attain the desired set goals in social, political and economic sphere of this great nation Nigeria.

Thus, this study seeks to evaluate the purpose and role this scheme is expected to play towards the development and unity of Nigeria as a Nation, as well as the extent to which the scheme has really achieved this purpose particularly in nation building in Nigeria.

1.2  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

No human organization, business or venture is devoid of one problem or the other. But as dynamic human beings in a dynamic world, these problems changes from time to time depending on the variables and organization involved.

The National youth service corps scheme is no exception. The scheme has over the years had its share of problems. Some of these problems militate against the operational efficiency and effectiveness of the scheme more challenging. The scheme has been plagued with several problems ranging from lack of funding, ethnicity problem, religious/political crisis, as well as the unwillingness of graduates and corps members to dedicate service. These and many more has been a cog in the wheel of success of the scheme.

1. What is the cause of lack of funding in national youth service corps?
2. Can ethnicity be a problem against the operational efficiency and effectiveness of the National youth service corps scheme?
3. What could be done to eradicated religious/political crisis for the effectiveness and efficiency of the scheme?
4. What are the strategic measures to be used against the unwillingness of graduates and corps members to dedicated services?

1.3  OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objective of this research work is steered towards:

1. To x-ray and highlight the purpose which the scheme is designed to play towards Nigeria’s national development.
2. To find out the problem facing the National Youth service corps scheme.
3. To proffer lasting solutions to these problems which stand as stumbling locks on the roads to success of the scheme.

1.4  RESEARCH QUESTION

1. Why was National youth service corps scheme introduced in Abia State?
2. To what extent has the scheme contributed to the development of Abia state and the unity of the nation?
3. What are the factors militating against the schemes efforts to adequately contribute to unity and development in Abia state?
   • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The researcher considers this study a timely one, especially not that a lot of things are threatening the existence of Nigeria as a notion.

More over, it will serve as a prerequisite to the award of Higher National Diploma (HND) certificate and to many who may want to carry out more research work on the topic, this study will be useful to them.

• SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This research work is set out to study the contribution of National Youth service corps scheme to the development of the entire nation.

1.7  LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Conducting a research of this nature cannot be done without meeting some constraints.

The researcher had limited time to explore the topic under research. Again, finance posed another problem. There were not enough funds for procurement of materials and to run around. This restricted the research to areas where much finance is not needed and enables her meet the deadline. Inspite of the above mentioned limitations the reliability and validity of the study is not affected.

1.8  DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. ADMINISTRATION: The activities that are done in order to plan, organize and run a business or an institution.
2. CORPS: A large unit of an army consisting of two or more divisions, groups of people involved in a particular job or activity.
3. DEVELOPMENT: Gradual growth of something, so that it, becomes more advance and stronger.
4. INTEGRATION: The act or process of combining two or more thing so that they work together.
5. DECREE: An official order from a government that becomes the law.
6. SERVICE: System that provides something that the public needs.
7. NATIONAL: Contracted with a particular nation. Shared by a whole nation for example they are afraid of loosing their national identity.
8. UNITY: The state of being in agreement and working together.
9. DYNAMIC: The way in which people of thing behave and react to each other in a particular situation.

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Full Project – National youth service corps scheme as an instrument of national development and nation building in Nigeria