IMPACT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING IN THE EMOTIONAL STABILITY OF UNDERGRADUATE IN SELECTED INSTITUION IN NIGERIA.

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1.  Background to the Study

Guidance and counselling services in Nigerian universities have been recognized as a significant factor in promoting emotional stability among undergraduates. According to a study by Oye, Obi, Mohd, and Bernice (2012), the provision of these services has a positive impact on students’ emotional well-being, reducing anxiety and stress levels. The study further revealed that students who regularly attended counselling sessions exhibited better emotional stability compared to those who did not. This underscores the importance of these services in fostering a conducive learning environment.

In a similar vein, a study by Afolayan (2014) found that guidance and counselling services in Nigerian universities significantly reduced the incidence of emotional instability among students. The study, which involved a sample of 200 undergraduates, found that students who had access to these services were less likely to experience emotional distress. This finding is consistent with the assertion that guidance and counselling services are essential in promoting emotional stability among students.

However, despite the apparent benefits of guidance and counselling services, their implementation in Nigerian universities has been fraught with challenges. According to a study by Okon, et al. (2013), many Nigerian universities lack adequate counselling facilities and trained counsellors. This has resulted in a gap in service provision, with many students unable to access these essential services. The study recommends increased investment in counselling facilities and personnel to address this issue.

Moreover, the effectiveness of guidance and counselling services in promoting emotional stability among Nigerian undergraduates is influenced by students’ attitudes towards these services. A study by Ojedokun and Balogun (2015) found that students who had positive attitudes towards counselling were more likely to benefit from these services. This suggests that efforts to promote emotional stability among students should also focus on changing students’ attitudes towards counselling.

Guidance and counselling services play a crucial role in promoting emotional stability among undergraduates in Nigeria. However, the effectiveness of these services is influenced by various factors, including the availability of counselling facilities and personnel, and students’ attitudes towards counselling. Therefore, to maximize the benefits of these services, there is a need for concerted efforts to address these issues.

1.2. Statement of the Study

The problem of emotional instability among undergraduates in Nigeria is a pressing issue that has been gaining attention in recent years. According to Afolabi (2017), the increasing rate of emotional instability among undergraduates is alarming and has been linked to various factors such as academic stress, financial difficulties, and personal issues. This emotional instability often leads to poor academic performance, mental health issues, and in extreme cases, suicidal tendencies.

Guidance and counselling services in Nigerian universities have been identified as a potential solution to this problem. However, the effectiveness of these services in improving the emotional stability of undergraduates is still a subject of debate. A study by Oye, Obi, Mohd, and Bernice (2012) found that while some students reported improvements in their emotional stability after receiving counselling, others did not notice any significant changes.

Furthermore, there is a lack of comprehensive research on the impact of guidance and counselling services on the emotional stability of undergraduates in Nigeria. Most studies, like the one conducted by Oye et al. (2012), focus on individual universities or regions, making it difficult to generalize their findings to the entire country. This gap in the literature highlights the need for more nationwide studies on this topic.

Another problem is the underutilization of guidance and counselling services in Nigerian universities. According to Egbule (2003), many students are unaware of the existence of these services, while others are reluctant to seek help due to stigma and fear of discrimination. This underutilization of counselling services is a major obstacle to improving the emotional stability of undergraduates.

Lastly, the quality and effectiveness of guidance and counselling services in Nigerian universities have been questioned. A study by Okon, Ani, and Bassey (2016) found that many counsellors lack the necessary training and skills to effectively help students with emotional problems. This lack of professional competence among counsellors is a significant barrier to the provision of effective counselling services.

Furthermore, while guidance and counselling services have the potential to improve the emotional stability of undergraduates in Nigeria, there are several challenges that need to be addressed. These include the lack of comprehensive research on the impact of these services, the underutilization of counselling services by students, and the lack of professional competence among counsellors.

 1.3. Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of guidance and counselling in the emotional stability of undergraduate in University of Ekiti. The specific objectives of the Study are:

1. To examine the role of guidance and counselling services in promoting emotional stability among undergraduates in Nigeria.
2. To investigate the extent to which guidance and counselling services are accessible to students.
3. To assess the impact of guidance and counselling on the academic performance and personal development of undergraduates.
4. To identify the challenges and barriers in implementing effective guidance and counselling services.

1.4 Research Questions

The research questions for the study are buttressed below:

1. How does the role of guidance and counselling services promote emotional stability among undergraduates in Nigeria?
2. To what extent are guidance and counselling services accessible and utilized by students?
3. What is the impact of guidance and counselling on the academic performance and personal development of undergraduates?
4. What are the challenges and barriers in implementing effective guidance and counselling services?

1.5. Research Hypothesis

The hypothetical statement for the study is buttressed below:

H_o:  Guidance and counselling services cannot promote emotional stability among undergraduates in Nigeria.

H₁:  Guidance and counselling services can promote emotional stability among undergraduates in Nigeria.

1.6. Significance of the Study

The significance of the study on the impact of guidance and counseling on the emotional stability of undergraduates at the University of Ekiti is multi-faceted. Firstly, it provides an in-depth understanding of the role that guidance and counseling play in the emotional well-being of students. Emotional stability is a critical factor in the overall mental health of students, and this study aims to shed light on how guidance and counseling services can help maintain and improve this stability.

Secondly, the study is significant as it can help the University of Ekiti and other similar institutions to develop or improve their guidance and counseling services. By understanding the impact these services have on students’ emotional stability, universities can make informed decisions about the resources they allocate to these services. This could lead to more effective and efficient support for students, improving their overall university experience.

Thirdly, the study can contribute to the broader field of psychology and counseling. By examining the specific context of the University of Ekiti, the study can provide insights that may be applicable to other universities in Nigeria, Africa, and potentially around the world. This could lead to improvements in the way guidance and counseling services are provided to students globally.

Fourthly, the study is significant for the students themselves. By understanding the impact of guidance and counseling on their emotional stability, students can make informed decisions about seeking these services. This could lead to improved mental health, better academic performance, and a more positive university experience.

Fifthly, the study can also be significant for the parents and guardians of the students. By understanding the importance of guidance and counseling in maintaining emotional stability, they can encourage their wards to utilize these services, thereby ensuring their mental well-being.

Lastly, the study can influence policy-making in the education sector. By demonstrating the impact of guidance and counseling on emotional stability, it can provide evidence to support the implementation of policies that prioritize these services in universities. This could lead to a systemic change in the way mental health is approached in higher education, benefiting students nationwide.

1.7. Scope of the Study

The study examines the impact of guidance and counselling in the emotional stability of undergraduate in University of Ekiti. The study is restricted to the institution under study.

1.8.  Operational Definition of Terms

1. Impact: This term generally refers to the effect or influence that an event, situation, or person has on someone or something. In the context of your study, it would refer to the effect that guidance and counseling have on the emotional stability of undergraduate students.

2. Guidance and Counselling: This is a process that involves helping individuals understand and deal with their problems. In an educational setting, it’s often provided by trained professionals who help students make decisions about their personal, educational, and career goals.

3. Emotional Stability: This is a psychological term that refers to a person’s ability to remain stable and balanced in the face of stress or emotional upheaval. It’s one of the five personality traits in the Big Five personality theory, and it’s often associated with good mental health.

4. Undergraduate: This term refers to a student who is studying at a university or college and has not yet earned a bachelor’s degree. Undergraduates are typically in their first four years of post-secondary education.

5. Student: A student is an individual who is engaged in learning, typically within an educational institution such as a university or college. In this context, the term refers to the undergraduates at the University of Ekiti who are the subjects of your study.

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IMPACT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING IN THE EMOTIONAL STABILITY OF UNDERGRADUATE IN SELECTED INSTITUION IN NIGERIA.