EFFICIENT CORPORATE IMAGE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT AS A STRATEGY FOR ENHANCING PROFITABILITY

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the study

Personnel Management   according to Bratton and Gold (2003) is a strategic approach to managing employment relations which emphasizes that leveraging people’s capabilities is critical in achieving competitive advantage. The Personnel Management   of an organization is a composition of men and women, young and old who engage in the production of goods and services of the organization.

The Personnel Management are seen as the bedrock of an organization, as the organization is overwhelmingly dependent on human capacity for the supply of physical labour, technical and professional skills, which are germane for effective and efficient planning and implementation of development policies, programmes, projects, and daily activities.

There is no doubt, therefore, that the ability of any organization or society to achieve its goals depends to a large extent on the caliber, organization, motivation and general administration of its Personnel Management   . As such, human resource/manpower administration is a critical factor in the achievement of organizational objectives. Very instructively, human resource administration relates to the overall organization planning process by which the organization tries to ensure that it has the right number of persons and the right kind of people, at the right time and at the right place performing functions, which are economically useful and which satisfy the needs of the organization and provide satisfaction for the individual involved.

More importantly, the work environment is absolutely dependent on human factor. Human input is a precondition for proper operation and services. Take for instance, the office computers, plants, automated equipment, office gadgetries, electronic machines, and every other relevant facility found in a modern firm is unproductive except if human effort and direction is carefully applied.

Unlike traditional Personnel Management   which is said to be reactive, short-term and focused on employees at the lower end of the organizational hierarchy, Personnel Management proactively seeks to establish practices and policies which are synergistic across all policy areas in an organization (Pomoni, 2010). The Personnel Management    approach requires that personnel practices and policies be responsive and adaptive to the needs of the organization. Guest (2001) states that Human Resource Management considers employees as valued strategic resources and not merely a cost to the organization.

Peronnel Management can therefore, be used by organizations to acquire and develop this valuable capital. A number of studies have actually demonstrated that Human Resource Management practices, either individually or as a system, are associated with higher levels of performance (Dimba, K’Obonyo 2009, and Abdulkadir, 2012).

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The Personnel Management    of any organization as said earlier are the most important resources of any organization, because of the numerous roles it plays. In the organizations and companies, Personnel Management are needed to move, organize, and coordinate the other resources of organization and even to drive sophisticated machines.

 It is no longer a news but a known fact on how the use of machines has tried to displace the use of labour (during the industrial revolution) as a critical factor of production which has drifted many organizations to be described as capital-intensive industries, instead of labour-intensive industries but this new approach in management known as Personnel Management is seen to have helped in this regard.

Again, workers of most organization complained over the years of lack of motivation, ill treatment, poor employee welfare scheme by employers, which have resulted in higher labour turnover rate and termination of employment contracts as well as low performance on the part of the workers.

Furthermore, the fact still remains that machines no matter how sophisticated they are, it cannot effectively be utilized in the absence of human factor which is the Personnel Management    that possess skills, knowledge, techniques of its operation. This makes it important for a vibrant, quality and professional Personnel Management    to be adopted. Hence the approach Personnel Management becomes paramount.

1.3 Aims and Objectives of the study

This research work seeks to study the efficient corporate image of personnel management as a strategy for enhancing profitability and the objectives of this study include:

1. To examine the influence of personnel management in enhancing organizational profitability.
2. To measure the performance appraisal of personnel management in an organization.

3.  To review the strategic steps taken by personnel management in enhancing organizational performance.
4. To examine the challenges encountered by personnel management in an organization.
5. To examine the functions of personnel management in an organization.

1.4   Relevant Research Questions

1. How does personnel management influence organizational productivity?
2. How can the performance appraisal of personnel management be measured in an organization?

3. What are the strategic steps taken by personnel management in enhancing organizational performance?
4. What are the challenges encountered by personnel management in an organization?
5. What are the functions of personnel management in an organization?

 1.5   Relevant Research Hypotheses

The following hypotheses were developed for the study:

1. H_o: There is no significant relationship between personnel management and organizational profitability.

H₁: There is significant relationship between personnel management and organizational profitability.

 1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study

The work examines efficient corporate image of personnel management as a strategy for enhancing profitability with a view to explore Diamond Bank Plc in Apapa, Lagos. In addition, the study covers what Personnel Management    is, its components, functions, objectives as well as how it increase organization efficiency.

 Some perceived constraints may be encounter by the researcher in the course of carrying out the research work. The limitations are as follows:

1. Inadequate material: Inadequate material constituted one of the limitations of the research work. The non-availability of materials like journals, textbooks etc the research study.
2. Finance: The researcher also may encounter some financial constraints which will contribute in limiting the work in the sense that fund available was not enough to carry out the research to a logical conclusion.

iii. Time: Time is also another factor or limitation that may affect the research work. The limited time may not give the researcher enough opportunity to do more rigorous work.

1.7 Significance of the Study

When performance standards are clearly articulated by management, employees know what is expected, what is considered unacceptable performance, and how organizational standards should be achieve. This research work is useful and relevant to the entire society, as it helps organizations and other sectors of the economy in knowing and appreciating the roles performed by Personnel Management, in enhancement of organization efficiency.

To this end it therefore serves as a benchmark for financial researchers to further evaluate the effect of employer-employee relationship, and how it ultimately impacts the performances and growth of the manufacturing industry in Nigeria.

Consequentially, it aids the Government, policy makers and stakeholders to properly articulate critical areas in HR that needs to be improved on so as to forge a stronger workforce.

1.8  Definition of Terms

Firms: This can be defined as a business entity or a unit of an industry.

Organization: An organization is a social group which distributes    tasks for a collective goal.

Environment: Environment (systems), the surroundings of a physical system that may interact with the system by exchanging mass, energy, or other properties.

Personnel Management: This is the management process of an organization˜s workforce, or human resources. It is responsible for the attraction, selection, training, assessment, andrewarding of employees, while also overseeing organizational leadership and culture and ensuring compliance with employment and labor laws.

Influence: Influence is the action or process of producing effects on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc., of another or others.

Management: This is defined as the rational process if combining and utilizing the physical material and financial resource in an efficient and effective manner in order to achieve set objectives of the organization.

Performance: A performance, in performing arts, generally comprises an event in which a performer or group of performers behave in a particular way for another group of people, the audience. Choral music and ballet are examples.

Productivity: Productivity is a measure of the efficiency of production. Productivity is a ratio of production output to what is required to produce it (inputs). The measure of productivity is defined as a total output per one unit of a total input.

Profitability: the quality of affording gain or benefit or profit

Resources: These are things that a country or an organization or individual uses especially to raised the level of output or wealth.

Workforce: This has to do with the sum-total of individuals that works in a particular organization

 REFERENCES

Abdulkadir, D. S. (2012). Strategic Human Resource Management and organizational performance in the Nigerian Insurance Industry: The impact of organizational climate.Business intelligence Journal, Vol. 2, pp. 8 – 10.

Dimba B. and K’Obonyo P. (2009). The Effect of Strategic Human Resource Management Practices on Performance of Manufacturing Multinational Companies in Kenya: Moderating Role of Employee Cultural Orientations and Mediating Role of Employee Motivation, pp. 22-24

Bratton, J. and Gold, J. (2003). Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice, 3^rdedition, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan pp. 12-19

Pomoni, C. (2010). Practices and Practicalities in Human Resource Management, Human Resource Management Journal, Vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 63-80.

Guest, D. (2001).  Uncovering Competitive and Institutional Drivers of Personnel Management  Practices in Multinational Corporations, Human Resource Management Journal, Vol. 17, No. 4, November, pp. 355-375.

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