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Full Project – Instituting organizational hygiene using hand automated sanitzer system for the department of hospitality management

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Hygiene is a series of practices performed to preserve health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO). “Hygiene refers to the conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases”

(Raghava, 2005) personal hygiene refers to maintaining the body’s cleanliness. Many people equate hygiene with cleanliness, but hygiene is a broad term. It includes such personal habit, choices as how frequently to take a shower or bath, wash hand, trim finger nails and wash clothes. It’s also includes attention to keeping surfaces in the home and work place,including bathroom facilities clean and pathogen free (Ghose 2012).Some regular hygiene practices may be considered good habits by the society, while the neglect of hygiene can be considered disgusting, disrespectful or threatening.

The increased burden of communicable diseases within the society most especially among school children and the general public due to poor personal hygiene practices and inadequate sanitary conditions remains a concern on the public health agenda in developing countries (Murray and Lopez,2013).Students are particularly vulnerable to neglect of basic personal hygiene due to lack of knowledge and practice (Vivas,2010). Poor knowledge practice of and attitudes to personal hygiene such as hand washing play major roles in the high incidence of communicable diseases and therefore has negative consequences for a student’s long time overall development(Sarkar,2013).

Improved awareness and hand hygiene practices among students have effectively reduced gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections by up to 50%,the two leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality around the world (UNICEF 2003,Luby,2005,Oyibo,2012 and Lee,2008).In addition,studies have also shown that school children with better knowledge and practices of personal hygiene have fewer sick days and absenteeism in school and achieve higher grades(Aiello,2010,Curtis and Cairncross 2003).Most infectious diseases result from a lack of knowledge and poor personal hygiene.Hand hygiene,in particular is one of the most common means by which pathogens are transmitted.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

COVID-19 is a very deadly and highly contagious disease which spreads through unhygienic practices. High risk COVID-19 places include schools and institutions.One of the ways the spread of COVIID-19 can be controlled is through constant hand washing.The management of the plateau state polytechnic, in its effort to institute the COVID-19 protocol,made available conventional hand washing machines strategically situated around class rooms’ blocks in all the departments and public places within the institution.

It was noticed however that in spite of the availability of the hand washing machines,staff and students do not utilize the convectional hand washing machines as they hardly wash their hands as regularly as required by the NCDC. Also, it is feared that convectional hand sanitizer may become COVID-19 vectors since they are manually operated and may become hubs for the spread of the COVID Virus resulting in mass deaths and subsequently closure of the institution. It is on the basis of this that the research explored providing a hand sanitizer with the hope that it will motivate staff and students to practice hand hygiene through constant hand sanitizing.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

To provide a hand sanitizer based on hygiene principles.
To find out if the availability of the hand sanitizer has motivational effect on staff and students’ hand hygiene practices in the department.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

What are the hygiene principles for proving a hand sanitizer?
How does the availability of hand sanitizer motivate staff and students’ hand hygiene practices in the department?

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Provision of a hand sanitizer when made available is expected to be a motivation for both staff and students to practice hand hygiene through constant sanitizing their hand. It is expected that this will help both staff and students to obey one of the COVID-19 protocol as required by NCDC.

Since it is feared that conventional hand sanitizer are capable of becoming COVID-19 vectors because they are manually operated and maybecome hubs for the spread of the COVIDVirus resulting in mass deaths and subsequently closure of the institution,it is believed that the using of automated machine will mitigate this fear.

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This research will only provide a hand sanitizer for institutional use.

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