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Full Project – Design and implementation of students grade point average system

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CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Over the years, several efforts have been made to alleviate the burden on teachers when it comes to result computation/processing. Data processing is defined as the entire process of converging or manipulating data into definite meaningful information. The information obtained at the end of the process is the result. Therefore result processing can be seen as a continuous process of converting data (which can be scores, grade points, credit units etc) into definite meaningful information, which can either be a statement of result. The end point of data processing activity by the administrative unit is the product of basic documents and information (statement of result and transcript) from basic data (which can be students’ scores, course credit unit, grade point etc) for managements’ use.

In educational institutions, the result produced information the management about the performance of each student in various courses. These results obtained are used to check the student’s level of understanding in the entire subject taught. In the course of this research, an intensive investigation was carried out on how computer science performs its result computation and transcript generation. From my findings, it appears that the current method adopted needs improvement. Introduction of the computer in the system will do the much required magic in result computation. Structured system analysis and design methodology were applied to arrive at the development of the new system.

1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

It is an established fact that after every assessment examination or research work, a result must be obtained. In an academic environment, there is need to have results to be aware of the student’s performance and to generate transcripts whenever the need arises.

To achieve this in higher institutions, it involves the registration of courses and students personal data examination scores, computation of result, transcript generation, records updating and so on. However, the problem is how to carry out the theses activities presently, the grade point average calculation system in computer science department is performed manually. Workers are employed to handle various stages of the process, such as registration of students, result computation and transcript generation. The introduction of computer in the grade point average calculation system will reduce the burden of manual processing to the barest minimum.

1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The student’s grade point average calculation system is done manually in computer science long before now. The manual method of grade point average calculation from my investigation has many problems among which are:-

DELAY:- This occurs due to the tediousness of manual grade point average calculation. This gets so much at times that some students try to bribe their way out.

MISSING RESULTS:- This happens as a result or carrying about of files from one place to another. Some results may be lost in this process.

MISCALCULATIONS:- Human beings are prone to errors sometimes, during result computation, wrong formulae might be entered on the calculator, which give wrong answers but for the computerized result formulae are stored in the computer’s memory. This can be referred to whenever needed.

DUPLICATION OF RESULTS:- Due to the tiredness of the operator, a result can be duplicated since he/she has no strength to trace the student’s data such as registration number.

OMISSION i.e INCOMPLETE RESULTS: once these results have been documented on paper, one finds it difficult and tiresome to edit so as to cancel out some errors such as wrong entries omissions etc. when these corrections are affected, the resulting document is not often very neat and pleasant to the eyes. This also makes the transcript untidy since those corrections will also be affected by it.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

In this work, the primary objective is to develop a students grade point average system of computer science department ——. Also, only authorized user(s) will be able to gain access to the results. This is achieved by introducing password to protect and limit access to students results.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

Research carried out in computer science department shows that results are still being processed manually as well as transcript generation. This leads to various problems, which include;

Insecurity of results
Duplication of results
Loss of results when files are being carried around.
Wrong calculations during computation
Omission of results.
This project work will achieve the following:-
Increase in efficiency
Easy detection and correction of errors
Reduce pressure of work on exam officers
Makes computation less labor Hence, the need for computerization of grade point average calculation for the department cannot be overemphasized.

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This project work covers the registration of courses and the recording of student examination scores as well as processing the scores in order to generate result and finally generate the transcript for the department of computer science, ———————

1.7 LIMITATION OF STUDY

This project was faced with a number of restricting factors which made the work impossible to get beyond this scope. The most pressing factors were.

lack of finance
epileptic power supply

inadequate supply of data

Inadequate time for the project work.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

SOFTWARE:- These are set of logically related instructions given to the computer to perform some specific tasks.

EXAMINATION: it is the process by which one’s ability is determined after going through a certain process of learning.

STATEMENT OF RESULT:- This contains the CGPA and the class of degree of a student. It is normally issued at the end of one’s academic program.

GRADE POINT (GP):- this is the corresponding points 0.00 to 5.00 of the grade letters F-A respectively.

GRADE POINT AVERAGE (GPA):- this is the point in which the academic performance of a student is measured at the end of every semester. It has the maximum value of 5.00 and minimum 0.00. It can be calculated thus: GPA- Sum of quality points/total credit unit for all course registered in the semester.

CUMULATIVE GRADE POINT AVERAGE (GPA)

This is the measure of the students overall academic performance at any given time in his academic program. It is normally calculated at the end of the session.

It is calculated thus:

CGPA = GPA first semester + GPA second semester/total credit unit for first semester + total credit unit for second semester.

FINAL CUMULATIVE GRADE POINT AVERAGE (FCGPA)

This is the measure of the students overall academic performance at the end of his /her academic program

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