Project – Impact of Easter Celebration on Christian Faith. A Study of five Selected Pentecostal Churches in Lagos

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

Christianity is one of the most widely practiced religions in the world, with millions of adherents who observe various doctrines, rituals, and celebrations that shape their faith and spiritual lives. Among these celebrations, Easter stands out as the most significant event in the Christian calendar, commemorating the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It is widely regarded as the foundation of Christian faith, as it represents victory over sin and death and the promise of eternal life (1 Corinthians 15:14).

Easter is not merely a historical remembrance but a deeply spiritual event that reinforces core Christian beliefs such as redemption, salvation, sacrifice, and resurrection. The celebration typically involves a series of religious activities including fasting during Lent, Good Friday services, Easter vigils, and resurrection Sunday services. These practices are intended to deepen believers’ faith, encourage repentance, and strengthen their relationship with God.

In Nigeria, Christianity plays a central role in the social and cultural life of many communities, particularly in urban centers such as Lagos. Lagos, being one of the most populous and religiously vibrant cities in Africa, is home to numerous Pentecostal churches that actively celebrate Easter with great enthusiasm. These celebrations often include special church services, crusades, musical concerts, drama presentations, and community outreach programs.

Pentecostal churches such as Redeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG), Mountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries(MFM), Christ Apostolic Church (CAC), Living Faith Church Worldwide (Winners Chapel), and Assemblies of God Nigeria are known for their dynamic and expressive forms of worship. These churches emphasize spiritual experiences such as prayer, deliverance, healing, and the manifestation of the Holy Spirit, especially during major celebrations like Easter.

Over time, however, the nature of Easter celebrations has evolved. In addition to its spiritual significance, Easter has increasingly taken on social and commercial dimensions. Activities such as parties, entertainment events, travel, and consumption of material goods have become part of the celebration for many individuals. While these activities may enhance social interaction and enjoyment, they raise concerns about whether the core spiritual message of Easter is being overshadowed.

For many Christians, Easter serves as a period of spiritual renewal, reflection, and recommitment to faith. It provides an opportunity for believers to examine their lives, seek forgiveness, and strengthen their devotion to God. Church attendance often increases during this period, and many individuals who are less active in their faith make an effort to participate in religious activities.

At the same time, there is growing concern among religious leaders and scholars that the spiritual depth of Easter may be diminishing due to increasing secularization and commercialization. Some argue that the focus has shifted from the sacrificial death and resurrection of Christ to material and social activities, thereby weakening its impact on Christian faith.

In Pentecostal settings, Easter is often marked by powerful sermons, intense prayer sessions, and evangelistic outreach aimed at winning souls and strengthening believers. These activities have the potential to positively influence faith by reinforcing biblical teachings and encouraging spiritual growth. However, the extent to which these celebrations translate into lasting faith transformation remains a subject of inquiry.

Furthermore, different churches may emphasize different aspects of Easter, leading to variations in how it is celebrated and experienced by members. For instance, some churches may focus more on evangelism and outreach, while others may emphasize spiritual warfare, holiness, or prosperity teachings. These differences can influence how individuals perceive and internalize the meaning of Easter.

Given the centrality of Easter in Christian doctrine and practice, it is important to assess its actual impact on the faith of believers. This study, therefore, seeks to examine the impact of Easter celebration on Christian faith, with a focus on selected Pentecostal churches in Lagos.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Easter is widely regarded as the cornerstone of Christian faith, yet its contemporary celebration raises important questions about its true impact on believers. While churches invest significant time and resources in organizing Easter programs, it is unclear whether these activities lead to genuine spiritual growth or merely temporary emotional experiences.

In Lagos, Pentecostal churches such as RCCG, MFM, CAC, Winners Chapel, and Assemblies of God attract large congregations during Easter celebrations. These events are often characterized by high attendance, vibrant worship, and elaborate programs. However, despite this enthusiasm, there are concerns that the essence of Easter is gradually being diluted.

One major issue is the increasing commercialization and socialization of Easter. Many individuals now associate the celebration with leisure activities, entertainment, and material indulgence rather than spiritual reflection. This shift may reduce the focus on the core message of Christ’s death and resurrection, thereby weakening its impact on faith.

Additionally, there is a concern that the spiritual effects of Easter celebrations may not be sustained beyond the festive period. While many believers experience temporary spiritual upliftment during Easter, this does not always translate into long-term commitment or transformation. Issues such as declining church attendance after Easter, inconsistent spiritual practices, and moral challenges among believers raise questions about the effectiveness of these celebrations.

Another problem is the variation in how Easter is taught and celebrated across different churches. Differences in doctrinal emphasis and worship styles may influence how members understand and respond to the message of Easter. This lack of uniformity may lead to varying levels of spiritual impact among believers.

Furthermore, there is limited empirical research examining the direct relationship between Easter celebrations and the strength of Christian faith, particularly within Pentecostal contexts in Lagos. Most studies focus on general religious practices without specifically analyzing the role of major religious events like Easter.

Without a clear understanding of how Easter celebrations influence faith, it becomes difficult for church leaders to design programs that effectively promote spiritual growth. This gap in knowledge highlights the need for a systematic study of the impact of Easter on Christian faith.

Therefore, this study seeks to address these issues by examining the impact of Easter celebration on Christian faith among selected Pentecostal churches in Lagos. The study aims to determine whether these celebrations contribute to meaningful spiritual development or merely serve as periodic religious events.

1.3 Research Questions

1. How is Easter celebrated in selected Pentecostal churches in Lagos?

2. What is the perceived impact of Easter celebration on the faith of believers?

3. To what extent do Easter activities promote spiritual growth among Christians?

4. What factors influence the effectiveness of Easter celebrations in strengthening faith?

1.4 Objectives of the Study

The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of Easter celebration on Christian faith.

The specific objectives are to:

1. Examine how Easter is celebrated in selected Pentecostal churches in Lagos.

2. Assess the impact of Easter celebration on the faith of believers.

3. Evaluate the extent to which Easter activities promote spiritual growth.

4. Identify factors affecting the effectiveness of Easter celebrations.

1.5 Research Hypothesis

H₀ : Easter celebration has no significant impact on the Christian faith of believers in selected Pentecostal churches in Lagos.

H₁ : Easter celebration has a significant impact on the Christian faith of believers in selected Pentecostal churches in Lagos.

1.6 Significance of the Study

This study is significant as it provides insights into the role of religious celebrations in shaping Christian faith. It contributes to academic discussions on religion, spirituality, and contemporary worship practices.

The findings will be beneficial to church leaders and pastors in designing more effective Easter programs that promote genuine spiritual growth. It will also help believers understand the importance of maintaining the spiritual essence of Easter.

Additionally, the study will serve as a reference for future research on religious practices and their impact on faith.

1.7 Scope of the Study

This study focuses on the impact of Easter celebration on Christian faith among selected Pentecostal churches in Lagos. The churches include RCCG, MFM, CAC, Winners Chapel, and Assemblies of God.

The study examines various aspects of Easter celebrations, including church services, outreach programs, and social activities, and their influence on believers’ faith.

1.8 Operational Definition of Terms

• Easter Celebration: The annual Christian festival commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ.

• Christian Faith: Belief in the teachings of Jesus Christ and commitment to Christian doctrines and practices.

• Pentecostal Churches: Christian denominations that emphasize the work of the Holy Spirit and spiritual gifts.

• Spiritual Growth: The process of developing a deeper relationship with God and stronger commitment to faith.

• Religious Practices: Activities carried out as part of religious worship and devotion.

Project – Impact of Easter Celebration on Christian Faith. A Study of five Selected Pentecostal Churches in Lagos